Stockholder equity is a key measure of a company’s financial health and provides insight into the value available to shareholders if the company were to liquidate its assets. It includes capital raised through stock issuance and retained earnings, which are the profits reinvested in the company. Positive equity indicates that the company has more assets than liabilities, which is a sign of financial stability and potential for growth. On the other hand, negative equity can be a sign of financial distress, as the company may not be able to meet its obligations if assets are sold off.